Bosna Hersek’in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131ktan sonra \u00fclkenin ilk Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapan Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, vefat\u0131n\u0131n 22. y\u0131l\u0131nda da fikirleri, ahlaki duru\u015fu ve m\u00fccadelesiyle an\u0131lmaya devam ediyor.
Eski Yugoslavya d\u00f6neminde, Bo\u015fnak halk\u0131n\u0131n dini ve milli bilincini korumak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7aba g\u00f6steren ve bu u\u011furda iki kez hapis cezas\u0131 alan \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 19 Ekim 2003’te hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gen\u00e7 ya\u015flardan itibaren Bo\u015fnaklar\u0131n \u00fclkedeki di\u011fer halklarla e\u015fit haklara sahip olabilmesi i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eden \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 1990’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda S\u0131rp ve H\u0131rvat g\u00fc\u00e7lerin Bosna Hersek’i payla\u015fma ve i\u015fgal giri\u015fimlerine kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sava\u015f\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bosanski Samac’ta 1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mustafa ve Hiba \u00e7iftinin be\u015f \u00e7ocu\u011fundan biri olarak d\u00fcnyaya gelen Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, \u00fc\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken ailesiyle Saraybosna’ya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Burada e\u011fitimini tamamlayarak gen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131ndan itibaren M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara y\u00f6nelik ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 durdu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, H\u0131rvatistan’daki fa\u015fist Usta\u015fa rejiminin Bosna Hersek’i ilhak ederek “Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z H\u0131rvatistan Devleti”ni (NDH) kurmas\u0131yla M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Bo\u015fnaklar zorla “H\u0131rvat” kimli\u011fine dahil edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Kimli\u011fini korumakta \u0131srar eden Bo\u015fnaklar b\u00fcy\u00fck zulme maruz kald\u0131. Ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde, “\u0131rk\u00e7\u0131” S\u0131rplar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u00c7etnik hareketi de M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 hedef alarak “S\u0131rp olmayan t\u00fcm halklar\u0131 bu topraklardan temizleme” amac\u0131yla katliamlar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Yugoslavya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde Bo\u015fnak toplumunu dini ve milli konularda bilin\u00e7lendirmeyi hedefleyen “Gen\u00e7 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar” adl\u0131 olu\u015fumun aktif \u00fcyelerinden biri olan \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n e\u015fit haklara sahip olmas\u0131, \u00c7etnik ve Usta\u015falarca y\u0131k\u0131lan evlerin ve camilerin yeniden in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in dava arkada\u015flar\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda kurulan Yugoslavya Federal Halk Cumhuriyeti’nde, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 dile getirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in 1946’da “Gen\u00e7 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar” \u00fcyeleriyle birlikte tutukland\u0131. 21 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, bu davadan 3 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131 ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tahliye sonras\u0131 \u00f6nce ziraat, ard\u0131ndan hukuk fak\u00fcltesinde \u00f6\u011frenim g\u00f6rd\u00fc ve buradan mezun oldu. 1949’da Halida ile evlendi, bu evlilikten Leyla, Sabina ve Bakir ad\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7ocu\u011fu d\u00fcnyaya geldi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Josip Broz Tito liderli\u011findeki Yugoslavya d\u00f6neminde de insan haklar\u0131 m\u00fccadelesine devam eden \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, “Preporod”, “Takvim” ve “Glasnik” gibi yay\u0131nlarda \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f harflerinden olu\u015fan “LSB” mahlas\u0131yla makaleler kaleme ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1960’larda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 “\u0130slam Deklarasyonu” adl\u0131 eseri, 1970’te yay\u0131mland\u0131 ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede t\u00fcm \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda yank\u0131 uyand\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tito’nun 1980’deki \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn ard\u0131ndan Yugoslavya’da milliyet\u00e7i s\u00f6ylemler yeniden y\u00fckseldi. 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda “Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Aras\u0131nda \u0130slam” kitab\u0131 yay\u0131mlanmadan hemen \u00f6nce Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7 ve 12 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ayd\u0131n “Saraybosna S\u00fcreci” olarak bilinen davada tutukland\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mahkeme, “ifade su\u00e7u” ve “\u00f6rg\u00fct kurarak d\u00fc\u015fmanca faaliyet y\u00fcr\u00fctmek” gerek\u00e7esiyle \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7’i 14 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131na mahkum etti. Karar, “\u0130slam Deklarasyonu” adl\u0131 eserindeki fikirlerine dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cezaevinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrede “\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe Ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131m – Zindandan Notlar (1983-1988)” adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n\u0131 yazd\u0131. 1988’de \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan af sayesinde serbest kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 1990’da kurulan ve bug\u00fcn de Bosna Hersek’teki en b\u00fcy\u00fck Bo\u015fnak partisi konumundaki Demokratik Eylem Partisinin (SDA) ilk genel ba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi ve eski Yugoslavya’daki 6 sosyalist cumhuriyetten biri olan Bosna Hersek’in de ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7’in hayat\u0131ndaki d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131ndan biri Bosna Hersek’teki kanl\u0131 sava\u015f oldu. Yugoslavya, 1990’lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda par\u00e7alan\u0131rken, Yugoslav Halk Ordusu (JNA), 1991’de Slovenya’da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 provoke etti ve k\u0131sa zaman sonra H\u0131rvatistan’da da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar, 1991’de Bosna Hersek’in Ravno ve Popovo k\u00f6ylerine de s\u0131\u00e7rad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bosna Hersek’in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusu Yugoslavya’n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecine girmesiyle g\u00fcndeme geldi. Bosna’daki sava\u015fta i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7lardan m\u00fcebbet hapse mahkum edilecek ve sava\u015f su\u00e7lusu olacak S\u0131rp siyaset\u00e7i Radovan Karadzic, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k fikrine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve sava\u015f olmas\u0131 halinde \u00fclkedeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yok olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bosna Hersek’teki tarihi “ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k” referandumu 29 \u015eubat-1 Mart 1992’de yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve Bosnal\u0131 S\u0131rplar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun boykot etti\u011fi referanduma kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 99,7’si ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in “Evet” dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Referandumun hemen ard\u0131ndan JNA ve silahland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 paramiliter S\u0131rplar, Bosna Hersek’in farkl\u0131 kentlerinde katliama ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, t\u00fcm Bosnal\u0131lar\u0131 bu sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 koymaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k yanl\u0131lar\u0131 onun liderli\u011finde zorlu bir m\u00fccadeleye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 yok etmekle” tehdit eden S\u0131rp paramiliter gruplar, kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar dahil sivillere y\u00f6nelik b\u00fcy\u00fck katliamlar yapt\u0131. Sald\u0131r\u0131lar sonras\u0131 bir\u00e7ok insan evlerinden s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, kad\u0131nlara tecav\u00fcz edildi, \u0130slam’a ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara dair ne varsa yok edildi ve toplama kamplar\u0131na kapat\u0131lan sivillere ak\u0131l almaz i\u015fkenceler yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dclkenin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunanlar ise kuzeyde ve do\u011fuda S\u0131rplara, g\u00fcneyde ve bat\u0131da ise H\u0131rvatlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7etin bir sava\u015f veriyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u0131rplar, 3,5 y\u0131l ku\u015fatma alt\u0131nda tutulan ve yoklu\u011fa mahkum edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fkent Saraybosna’n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Prijedor, Bijelina, Zvornik, Visegrad, Srebrenitsa, Foca gibi bir\u00e7ok \u015fehirde b\u00fcy\u00fck katliamlar, soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bosna Hersek’te, 1995 y\u0131l\u0131nda imzalanan Dayton Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile sava\u015f sona erdi. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 bin ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti, 1 milyondan fazla insan evlerini terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Antla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, Bosna Hersek, iki entite (Bosna Hersek Federasyonu ve S\u0131rp Cumhuriyeti) ile Brcko \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi’nden olu\u015ftu ve Bosna Hersek Federasyonu da kendi i\u00e7erisinde 10 kantona ayr\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, antla\u015fmay\u0131 de\u011ferlendirirken, “Bu adil bir bar\u0131\u015f de\u011fil, fakat sava\u015f\u0131n devam etmesinden daha iyidir” s\u00f6zleriyle tarihe ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 3,5 y\u0131l s\u00fcren sava\u015f sonras\u0131 “ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z” olan Bosna Hersek’in ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ve daha sonra yeni siyasi yap\u0131da Devlet Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Konseyinin de ilk ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
2000 y\u0131l\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 nedeniyle g\u00f6revinden kendi iste\u011fiyle ayr\u0131lan \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 2001’de partisinin kongresinde yeniden aday olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hayat\u0131n\u0131 Bosna Hersek’in \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na adayan \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, \u00fclkesine uluslararas\u0131 alanda tan\u0131nan egemen bir devlet b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vefat\u0131ndan k\u0131sa s\u00fcre \u00f6nce Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fen Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 19 Ekim 2003’te vefat etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cenazesine farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerden 150 binden fazla ki\u015fi kat\u0131ld\u0131. Vasiyeti gere\u011fi, “\u015fehitlerin aras\u0131nda m\u00fctevaz\u0131 bir mezara defnedilmek istedi\u011fini” belirtti ve Saraybosna\u2019daki Kova\u00e7i \u015eehitli\u011fi’ne g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Fikir adam\u0131 kimli\u011fiyle de tan\u0131nan Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, “Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Aras\u0131nda \u0130slam”, “\u0130slam Deklarasyonu”, “\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe Ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131m”, “Tarihe Tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131m” ve “K\u00f6le Olmayaca\u011f\u0131z” adl\u0131 eserleriyle kal\u0131c\u0131 bir entelekt\u00fcel miras b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Filistin davas\u0131na \u00f6zel bir hassasiyet g\u00f6steren \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 13 Kas\u0131m 1995’te ABD’nin Dayton kentinden d\u00f6nemin Filistin Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Yasir Arafat’a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi mektupta \u015fu ifadeleri kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
“Y\u0131llard\u0131r s\u00fcren m\u00fccadelenizde halk\u0131n\u0131z azim g\u00f6sterdi ve siyasi liderli\u011finiz, ulusal hedefler konusunda net bir vizyona sahip. Filistin’in en iyi evlatlar\u0131n\u0131n bu erdemleri, Allah’\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla meyve verecektir.”<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bosna Hersek’in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kazand\u0131ktan sonra \u00fclkenin ilk Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapan Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, vefat\u0131n\u0131n 22. y\u0131l\u0131nda da fikirleri, ahlaki duru\u015fu ve m\u00fccadelesiyle an\u0131lmaya devam ediyor.Eski Yugoslavya d\u00f6neminde, Bo\u015fnak halk\u0131n\u0131n dini ve milli bilincini korumak i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7aba g\u00f6steren ve bu u\u011furda iki kez hapis cezas\u0131 alan \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 19 Ekim 2003’te hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti. Gen\u00e7 ya\u015flardan […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32632,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[85],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-dunya"],"yoast_head":"\n