{"id":19406,"date":"2024-10-20T08:15:02","date_gmt":"2024-10-20T08:15:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/netbakis.net\/?p=19406"},"modified":"2024-10-20T08:15:04","modified_gmt":"2024-10-20T08:15:04","slug":"fikirleri-ve-mucadelesiyle-hatirlanan-bosnak-lider-aliya-izetbegovicin-vefatinin-21-yili","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/netbakis.net\/tr\/19406\/","title":{"rendered":"Fikirleri ve m\u00fccadelesiyle hat\u0131rlanan Bo\u015fnak lider Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7’in vefat\u0131n\u0131n 21. y\u0131l\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Bosna Hersek’in ilk Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapan Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 21. y\u0131l\u0131nda fikirleri ve m\u00fccadelesiyle an\u0131lmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Eski Yugoslavya d\u00f6neminde, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Bo\u015fnaklar\u0131n dini ve milli bilincinin canl\u0131 tutulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eden ve bu u\u011furda iki kez hapse giren Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 19 Ekim 2003’te vefat etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bo\u015fnaklar\u0131n \u00fclkedeki di\u011fer halklarla ayn\u0131 haklara sahip olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gen\u00e7lik d\u00f6neminden itibaren m\u00fccadele eden \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, S\u0131rp ve H\u0131rvatlar\u0131n Bosna Hersek’i payla\u015fmak amac\u0131yla 1990’larda ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sald\u0131r\u0131larda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sava\u015f\u0131na liderlik etti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mustafa ve Hiba \u00e7iftinin 5 \u00e7ocu\u011fundan biri olarak 8 A\u011fustos 1925’te Bosanski Samac kentinde do\u011fan \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 3 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken ailesiyle Saraybosna’ya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131 ve e\u011fitimini burada tamamlayarak, gen\u00e7lik d\u00f6neminden itibaren M\u00fcsl\u00fcman n\u00fcfusa y\u00f6nelik ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131klara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Avrupa’da \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u00fcrerken, H\u0131rvatistan’daki fa\u015fist Usta\u015fa rejiminin Bosna Hersek’i ilhak ederek burada Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z H\u0131rvatistan Devleti’ni (NDH) kurmas\u0131yla, \u00fclkedeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar da “H\u0131rvat” ilan edildi. Fa\u015fist H\u0131rvatlarla ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fte olmayan ve kimli\u011fini korumak isteyen M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Bo\u015fnaklar bu d\u00f6nemde zul\u00fcm g\u00f6rd\u00fc. \u00d6te yandan “\u0131rk\u00e7\u0131” S\u0131rplar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u00c7etnik hareketi de etkin oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye ba\u015flad\u0131 ve ana hedefini, “S\u0131rp olmayan t\u00fcm milletleri bu co\u011frafyadan tamamen temizlemek” olarak belirledi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"\/<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7etnik ve Usta\u015falara kar\u015f\u0131 “Gen\u00e7 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar” olu\u015fumunun \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan ismi oldu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Eski Yugoslavya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminde, gayesi Bosna Hersek’teki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Bo\u015fnaklar\u0131 dini ve milli konularda bilin\u00e7lendirmek olan “Gen\u00e7 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar” isimli olu\u015fumun \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kan isimleri aras\u0131nda yer alan \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n \u00fclkedeki di\u011fer etnik ve dini gruplarla e\u015fit haklar elde etmesi, \u00c7etnik ve Usta\u015falar\u0131n y\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman evlerinin ve camilerin yeniden in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in dava arkada\u015flar\u0131yla birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan kurulan Yugoslavya Federal Halk Cumhuriyeti’nin fa\u015fizme galip gelmesine ra\u011fmen dini ve milli konularda M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Bo\u015fnaklar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131na \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinden dolay\u0131 “Gen\u00e7 M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar” olu\u015fumunun baz\u0131 \u00fcyeleriyle birlikte 1946’da tutukland\u0131. 21 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 3 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cezaevinden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra ziraat fak\u00fcltesine kaydolarak e\u011fitimine devam eden \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 2 y\u0131l sonra ise hukuk fak\u00fcltesine ge\u00e7erek buradan mezun oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, Halida ile 1949’da evlendi ve bu evlili\u011finden Leyla, Sabina ve Bakir isimlerinde 3 \u00e7ocu\u011fu oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Marksist-Leninist g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerin takip\u00e7isi olan Josip Broz Tito liderli\u011findeki eski Yugoslavya d\u00f6neminde de insan haklar\u0131 m\u00fccadelesine devam eden \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, “Preporod”, “Takvim” ve “Glasnik” gibi gazete ve mecmualarda \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f harflerinden olu\u015fan “LSB” mahlas\u0131 ile yaz\u0131lar kaleme ald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu durumla da yak\u0131ndan alakadar oldu ve 1960’larda yazmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “\u0130slam Deklarasyonu” isimli eserini 1970’te yay\u0131mlad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u0130slam Deklarasyonu” isimli kitab\u0131ndaki ifadelerinden dolay\u0131 14 y\u0131l hapse mahkum edildi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Yugoslavya’da a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 milliyet\u00e7i s\u00f6ylemler Tito’nun 1980’de \u00f6lmesiyle yeniden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. O y\u0131llarda ceza kanununa “ifade su\u00e7u” da eklendi ve \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Aras\u0131nda \u0130slam” isimli eseri yay\u0131mlanmadan hemen \u00f6nce 1983’te beraberindeki 12 M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ayd\u0131nla tutuklanarak cezaevine g\u00f6nderildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Saraybosna S\u00fcreci” olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan tarihi davada \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7 ve di\u011fer M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ayd\u0131nlar, ifade su\u00e7undan ve organize \u00f6rg\u00fct kurarak d\u00fc\u015fmanca faaliyette bulunmaktan h\u00fck\u00fcm giydi. \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7’in mahkumiyet karar\u0131, “\u0130slam Deklarasyonu” isimli kitab\u0131ndaki ifadelerine dayand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve 14 y\u0131l hapse mahkum edildi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cezaevinde kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde yazmaya devam eden \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, “\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe Ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131m – Zindandan Notlar: 1983-1988” isimli eserini kaleme ald\u0131. \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 1988’de afla \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kavu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 1990’da kurulan ve bug\u00fcn de Bosna Hersek’teki en b\u00fcy\u00fck Bo\u015fnak partisi konumundaki Demokratik Eylem Partisinin (SDA) ilk genel ba\u015fkan\u0131 se\u00e7ildi ve eski Yugoslavya’daki 6 sosyalist cumhuriyetten biri olan Bosna Hersek’in de ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bosna Hersek’teki kanl\u0131 sava\u015f, \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7’in hayat\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131ndan biri oldu<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7’in hayat\u0131ndaki d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktalar\u0131ndan biri de Bosna Hersek’teki kanl\u0131 sava\u015f oldu. Yugoslavya, 1990’lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda par\u00e7alanmaya ba\u015flarken, Yugoslav Halk Ordusu (JNA), 1991’de Slovenya’da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 provoke etti ve k\u0131sa zaman sonra H\u0131rvatistan’da da \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Bu \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar, 1991’de Bosna Hersek’in Ravno ve Popovo k\u00f6ylerine de s\u0131\u00e7rad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bosna Hersek’in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusu Yugoslavya’n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131lma s\u00fcrecine girmesiyle g\u00fcndeme geldi. Bosna’daki sava\u015fta i\u015fledi\u011fi su\u00e7lardan m\u00fcebbet hapse mahkum edilecek ve sava\u015f su\u00e7lusu olacak S\u0131rp siyaset\u00e7i Radovan Karadzic, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k fikrine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve sava\u015f olmas\u0131 halinde \u00fclkedeki M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yok olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bosna Hersek’teki tarihi “ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k” referandumu 29 \u015eubat-1 Mart 1992’de yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve Bosnal\u0131 S\u0131rplar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun boykot etti\u011fi referanduma kat\u0131lanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 99,7’si ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in “Evet” dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Referandumun hemen ard\u0131ndan JNA ve silahland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 paramiliter S\u0131rplar, Bosna Hersek’in farkl\u0131 kentlerinde katliama ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, t\u00fcm Bosnal\u0131lar\u0131 bu sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 koymaya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k yanl\u0131lar\u0131 onun liderli\u011finde zorlu bir m\u00fccadeleye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 yok etmekle” tehdit eden S\u0131rp paramiliter gruplar, kad\u0131n ve \u00e7ocuklar dahil sivillere y\u00f6nelik b\u00fcy\u00fck katliamlar yapt\u0131. Sald\u0131r\u0131lar sonras\u0131 bir\u00e7ok insan evlerinden s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, kad\u0131nlara tecav\u00fcz edildi, \u0130slam’a ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlara dair ne varsa yok edildi ve toplama kamplar\u0131na kapat\u0131lan sivillere ak\u0131l almaz i\u015fkenceler yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dclkenin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 savunanlar ise kuzeyde ve do\u011fuda S\u0131rplara, g\u00fcneyde ve bat\u0131da ise H\u0131rvatlara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7etin bir sava\u015f veriyordu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0131rp g\u00fc\u00e7lerince 3,5 y\u0131l ku\u015fatma alt\u0131nda tutulan ve yoklu\u011fa mahkum edilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan ba\u015fkent Saraybosna’n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Prijedor, Bijelina, Zvornik, Visegrad, Srebrenitsa, Foca gibi bir\u00e7ok \u015fehirde b\u00fcy\u00fck katliamlar, soyk\u0131r\u0131mlar yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele etti\u011fi Bosna Hersek’in ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u00dclkedeki sava\u015f\u0131 bitiren Dayton Bar\u0131\u015f Antla\u015fmas\u0131 ile 1995’te \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar sona erdi ancak bilan\u00e7osu \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r oldu. Sava\u015fta, 200 bine yak\u0131n insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybederken, 1 milyondan fazlas\u0131 evlerini terk etmek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Antla\u015fmaya g\u00f6re, Bosna Hersek, iki entite (Bosna Hersek Federasyonu ve S\u0131rp Cumhuriyeti) ile Brcko \u00d6zerk B\u00f6lgesi’nden olu\u015furken Bosna Hersek Federasyonu da kendi i\u00e7erisinde 10 kantona ayr\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, silahlar\u0131 susturan ancak \u00fclkeyi karma\u015f\u0131k bir siyasi yap\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine sokan Dayton ile ilgili “Bu adil bir bar\u0131\u015f de\u011fil ancak sava\u015f\u0131n s\u00fcrmesinden daha iyidir.” dedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 3,5 y\u0131l s\u00fcren sava\u015f sonras\u0131 “ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z” olan Bosna Hersek’in ilk cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 ve daha sonra yeni siyasi yap\u0131da Devlet Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Konseyinin de ilk ba\u015fkan\u0131 oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

21 y\u0131l \u00f6nce 19 Ekim 2003’te vefat etti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 sebebiyle 2000’de Devlet Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Konseyindeki g\u00f6revini kendi iste\u011fiyle b\u0131rakan \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, partisinin 2001’deki kongresinde de genel ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011fa aday olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirdi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, Bosna Herseklilere uluslararas\u0131 arenada tan\u0131nan, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve egemen bir devlet b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vefat\u0131ndan \u00f6nce \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7’in son g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc devlet insan\u0131 Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan oldu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cenazesine farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerden 150 binden fazla ki\u015finin kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, vefat\u0131ndan \u00f6nce “\u015fehitlerin aras\u0131nda m\u00fctevaz\u0131 bir mezara defnedilmek istedi\u011fini” vasiyet etmesi \u00fczerine Saraybosna’daki Kova\u00e7i \u015eehitli\u011fi’ne g\u00f6m\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fikir insan\u0131 ki\u015fili\u011fiyle de tan\u0131nan \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, “Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131 Aras\u0131nda \u0130slam”, “\u0130slam Deklarasyonu”, “\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe Ka\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131m”, “Tarihe Tan\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131m” ve “K\u00f6le Olmayaca\u011f\u0131z” isimli eserler kaleme ald\u0131.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Bosna Hersek’in ilk Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapan Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 21. y\u0131l\u0131nda fikirleri ve m\u00fccadelesiyle an\u0131lmaya devam ediyor. Eski Yugoslavya d\u00f6neminde, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Bo\u015fnaklar\u0131n dini ve milli bilincinin canl\u0131 tutulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in m\u00fccadele eden ve bu u\u011furda iki kez hapse giren Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, 19 Ekim 2003’te vefat etti. Bo\u015fnaklar\u0131n \u00fclkedeki di\u011fer halklarla ayn\u0131 haklara sahip olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gen\u00e7lik […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19407,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[81],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19406","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-gundem"],"yoast_head":"\nFikirleri ve m\u00fccadelesiyle hat\u0131rlanan Bo\u015fnak lider Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7'in vefat\u0131n\u0131n 21. y\u0131l\u0131 - NETBAKIS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/netbakis.net\/tr\/19406\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fikirleri ve m\u00fccadelesiyle hat\u0131rlanan Bo\u015fnak lider Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7'in vefat\u0131n\u0131n 21. y\u0131l\u0131 - NETBAKIS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Bosna Hersek’in ilk Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapan Aliya \u0130zetbegovi\u00e7, \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn 21. y\u0131l\u0131nda fikirleri ve m\u00fccadelesiyle an\u0131lmaya devam ediyor. 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